Learn the Chinese word that means "after" or "afterwards"
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| INTRODUCTION |
| David: Hi, everyone, I’m David. |
| Echo: 嗨(Hāi)，大家好(Dàjiā hǎo)，我是(Wǒ shì)Echo。 |
| David: And welcome to intermediate series season one lesson six, the non-exiting Chinese can opener. Which is true, Chinese people don’t know how to use can openers. |
| Echo: 我们没有。(Wǒmen méiyǒu.) |
| David: No. So, we’ve got a lesson for you takes place in a kitchen. |
| Echo: And the conversation is between an experienced cook and a somewhat confused beginner. |
| David: Right. So, just like last week, we’re back in a kitchen, unlike last week though we’re going to speak a bit more formally, so this is a bit less colloquial and casual. Now, we’re going to take you to the dialogue in a sec, before we do that we want to remind you to comment, comment, comment. |
| Echo: Right, 我们都喜欢(Wǒmen dōu xǐhuān) comments. |
| David: If you have any questions, if you have any concerns, feel free to leave a note on the site, and we’ll get back to you right away. With that though, let’s go to the dialogue. |
| DIALOGUE |
| 甲: 什么时候放盐来着？(Jiǎ: Shénme shíhòu fàng yán láizhe?) |
| 乙: 在你放糖之后。(Yǐ: Zài nǐ fàng táng zhīhòu.) |
| 甲: 那我什么时候放糖？(Jiǎ: Nà wǒ shénme shíhòu fàng táng?) |
| 乙: 放了醋之后。(Yǐ: Fàngle cù zhīhòu.) |
| 甲: 醋？(Jiǎ: Cù?) |
| 乙: 对，就是在你加了番茄酱之后。(Yǐ: Duì, jiùshì zài nǐ jiāle fānqié jiàng zhīhòu.) |
| 甲: 番茄酱？我们不是做宫保鸡丁吗？(Jiǎ: Fānqié jiàng? Wǒmen bùshì zuò gōng bǎo jī dīng ma?) |
| 乙: 对，没有番茄酱怎么做宫保鸡丁？(Yǐ: Duì, méiyǒu fānqié jiàng zěnme zuò gōng bǎo jī dīng?) |
| David: One more time a bit slower. |
| 甲: 什么时候放盐来着？(Jiǎ: Shénme shíhòu fàng yán láizhe?) |
| 乙: 在你放糖之后。(Yǐ: Zài nǐ fàng táng zhīhòu.) |
| 甲: 那我什么时候放糖？(Jiǎ: Nà wǒ shénme shíhòu fàng táng?) |
| 乙: 放了醋之后。(Yǐ: Fàngle cù zhīhòu.) |
| 甲: 醋？(Jiǎ: Cù?) |
| 乙: 对，就是在你加了番茄酱之后。(Yǐ: Duì, jiùshì zài nǐ jiāle fānqié jiàng zhīhòu.) |
| 甲: 番茄酱？我们不是做宫保鸡丁吗？(Jiǎ: Fānqié jiàng? Wǒmen bùshì zuò gōng bǎo jī dīng ma?) |
| 乙: 对，没有番茄酱怎么做宫保鸡丁？(Yǐ: Duì, méiyǒu fānqié jiàng zěnme zuò gōng bǎo jī dīng?) |
| David: And now with an English translation. |
| 甲: 什么时候放盐来着？(Jiǎ: Shénme shíhòu fàng yán láizhe?) |
| David: When do I put the salt in again? |
| 乙: 在你放糖之后。(Yǐ: Zài nǐ fàng táng zhīhòu.) |
| David: After you add the sugar. |
| 甲: 那我什么时候放糖？(Jiǎ: Nà wǒ shénme shíhòu fàng táng?) |
| David: So, when do I add the sugar? |
| 乙: 放了醋之后。(Yǐ: Fàngle cù zhīhòu.) |
| David: After you add the vinegar. |
| 甲: 醋？(Jiǎ: Cù?) |
| David: Vinegar? |
| 乙: 对，就是在你加了番茄酱之后。(Yǐ: Duì, jiùshì zài nǐ jiāle fānqié jiàng zhīhòu.) |
| David: Yup, just after you add the tomato sauce. |
| 甲: 番茄酱？我们不是做宫保鸡丁吗？(Jiǎ: Fānqié jiàng? Wǒmen bùshì zuò gōng bǎo jī dīng ma?) |
| David: Tomato sauce? Aren’t we making Kungpao chicken? |
| 乙: 对，没有番茄酱怎么做宫保鸡丁？(Yǐ: Duì, méiyǒu fānqié jiàng zěnme zuò gōng bǎo jī dīng?) |
| David: Exactly, how do you make Kungpao chicken without tomato sauce? |
| POST CONVERSATION BANTER |
| David: I’ve got to say, this can’t be the actual recipe for Kungpao chicken. |
| Echo: Why not? |
| David: Because they have salt, sugar, vinegar, tomato sauce. |
| Echo: Well, they sure have salt, and sugar and vinegar. |
| David: Really? Sugar and vinegar? That’s disgusting. |
| Echo: Yeah, I think. |
| David: This is chicken and peanuts. Anyway, as you can tell we’ve got a lesson all about cooking and vocab for the kitchen, so let’s get right to the vocab section. |
| VOCAB LIST |
| Echo: 来着(Láizhe) [natural native speed] |
| David: just now |
| Echo: 来着(Láizhe) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Echo: 来着(Láizhe) [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Echo: 盐(Yán) [natural native speed] |
| David: salt |
| Echo: 盐(Yán) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Echo: 盐(Yán) [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Echo: 糖(Táng) [natural native speed] |
| David: sugar |
| Echo: 糖(Táng) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Echo: 糖(Táng) [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Echo: 之后(Zhīhòu) [natural native speed] |
| David: afterwards |
| Echo: 之后(Zhīhòu) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Echo: 之后(Zhīhòu) [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Echo: 醋(Cù) [natural native speed] |
| David: vinegar |
| Echo: 醋(Cù) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Echo: 醋(Cù) [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Echo: 番茄酱(Fānqié jiàng) [natural native speed] |
| David: tomato paste |
| Echo: 番茄酱(Fānqié jiàng) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Echo: 番茄酱(Fānqié jiàng) [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Echo: 宫保鸡丁(Gōng bǎo jī dīng) [natural native speed] |
| David: kung pao chicken |
| Echo: 宫保鸡丁(Gōng bǎo jī dīng) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Echo: 宫保鸡丁(Gōng bǎo jī dīng) [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Echo: 放(Fàng) [natural native speed] |
| David: to put |
| Echo: 放(Fàng) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Echo: 放(Fàng) [natural native speed] |
| : Next: |
| Echo: 加(Jiā) [natural native speed] |
| David: to add |
| Echo: 加(Jiā) [slowly - broken down by syllable] |
| Echo: 加(Jiā) [natural native speed] |
| KEY VOCABULARY AND PHRASES |
| David: So most of our words here are cooking words. The first one though is actually pretty tricky. What is that? |
| Echo: 来着(Láizhe) |
| David: And we translated that as “just now”. |
| Echo: And we have covered that in the elementary series. |
| David: Just as a reminder we put this at the end of sentences and it means “just now”. |
| Echo: Right. To remind yourself of something. |
| David: Right. For instance: |
| Echo: 你刚才说什么来着？(Nǐ gāngcái shuō shénme láizhe?) |
| David: What was it that you just said? |
| Echo: 你刚才说什么来着？(Nǐ gāngcái shuō shénme láizhe?) |
| David: Moving on to the kitchen vocab, the first one is obviously-- |
| Echo: 盐(Yán) |
| David: Salt. |
| Echo: 盐(Yán) |
| David: As in please pass the salt. |
| Echo: 请把盐递给我 (Qǐng bǎ yán dì gěi wǒ) |
| David: Please give me the salt. |
| Echo: 请把盐递给我(Qǐng bǎ yán dì gěi wǒ) |
| David: I’ve had that, I don’t mind. |
| Echo: Wow, eating food you cooked, you didn’t add any salt. |
| David: Yes, which is why I don’t mind, but I am a better cook at least than the cook in this dialogue who also added sugar. |
| Echo: 糖(Táng) |
| David: Sugar. |
| Echo: 糖(Táng) |
| David: And it’s hard to ask for that at the dinner table. |
| Echo: Yeah. |
| David: Hey, give me the sugar. |
| Echo: 嘿，给我糖。(Hēi, gěi wǒ táng.) |
| David: Give me the sugar, this ice cream isn’t sweet enough. |
| Echo: 嘿，给我糖，这个冰激凌不够甜。(Hēi, gěi wǒ táng, zhège bīngjīlíng bùgòu tián.) |
| David: Right. This actually brings up some vocabulary that isn’t in the dialogue but is really core too. And if we know sugar which is sweet, how do we say sweet and sour? |
| Echo: 糖醋(Táng cù) |
| David: That’s literally Sugar and Vinegar. |
| Echo: 糖醋(Táng cù) |
| David: One of the famous dishes in China is sweet and sour pork. |
| Echo: 糖醋里脊(Táng cù lǐjí) |
| David: Which is the official Chinese name, it’s sweet and sour 里脊.(Lǐjí) |
| Echo: All right, 糖醋里脊.(Táng cù lǐjí.) |
| David: What exactly is 里脊.(Lǐjí.) |
| Echo: 就糖醋猪肉。(Jiù táng cù zhūròu.) |
| David: It’s pork. Okay, don’t ask questions, 里脊(Lǐjí) is pork. So, that’s our vocab section, remember those three big condiments, we’ve got salt. |
| Echo: 盐(Yán) |
| David: Sugar. |
| Echo: 糖(Táng) |
| David: And vinegar. |
| Echo: 醋(Cù) |
| David: Right. Now let’s move on to the grammar section. |
Lesson focus |
|---|
| Echo: 今天我们要讲的语法点是「之后」。(Jīntiān wǒmen yào jiǎng de yǔfǎ diǎn shì `zhīhòu'.) |
| David: Right. In our previous lesson, we taught you to have to use-- |
| Echo: 前(Qián) |
| David: and-- |
| Echo: 之前(Zhīqián) |
| David: To change the aspect of a sentence. |
| Echo: Without using the aspectual particle 了. |
| David: Right. So in our last class, we gave you sentences like this. |
| Echo: 运动之前不要吃糖醋里脊。(Yùndòng zhīqián bùyào chī táng cù lǐjí.) |
| David: Don’t eat 糖醋里脊(Táng cù lǐjí) before you work out. |
| Echo: Right. Definitely don’t eat 糖醋里脊(Táng cù lǐjí) before you’re working out. |
| David: Yeah. And the thing to pay attention to there is that there isn’t any-- |
| Echo: 了(Le) |
| David: in that sentence. |
| Echo: 运动之前不要吃糖醋里脊。(Yùndòng zhīqián bùyào chī táng cù lǐjí.) |
| David: Right. So, in this lesson we’re using the same pattern with the use of-- |
| Echo: 之后(Zhīhòu) |
| David: Which means “after”, or “afterwards”. |
| Echo: We use this the same way we learned to use 之前(Zhīqián) last week. |
| David: Right. We’re putting it at the beginning of the sentence and using that to indicate the time when things happen. However, there’s a difference. |
| Echo: Right. |
| David: This dialogue is a bit more formal, and so our speakers are adding-- |
| Echo: 在(Zài) |
| David: To the sentences. |
| Echo: Right. |
| David: Consider this... |
| Echo: 在你放糖之后(Zài nǐ fàng táng zhīhòu) |
| David: After you add sugar. |
| Echo: And 就是在你加了番茄酱之后(Jiùshì zài nǐ jiāle fānqié jiàng zhīhòu) |
| David: It’s exactly after you add the tomato sauce. So what we have is we have-- |
| Echo: 在(Zài) |
| David: And then the verb and then finally-- |
| Echo: 之后(Zhīhòu) |
| David: Right. |
| Echo: 在你放糖之后。(Zài nǐ fàng táng zhīhòu.) |
| David: Using... |
| Echo: 在(Zài) |
| David: In the sentences makes them a bit more formal. If you’re speaking casually you can always leave it out. |
| Echo: Right. Otherwise is identical to what we learned last week. |
| David: Right. One more thing to be careful of as well, look at this sentence... |
| Echo: 他回家之后马上就睡觉了(Tā huí jiā zhīhòu mǎshàng jiù shuìjiàole) |
| David: After he returned home, he fell asleep right away. |
| Echo: 他回家之后马上就睡觉了(Tā huí jiā zhīhòu mǎshàng jiù shuìjiàole) |
| David: You’re probably asking yourself, what’s this closing 了 doing in a sentence. |
| Echo: Right. |
| David: Because we told you if you this you don’t need it to indicate past tense. You can still see it sometimes, especially to indicate a change of state. |
| Echo: 对。他回家之后马上就睡觉了。(Duì. Tā huí jiā zhīhòu mǎshàng jiù shuìjiàole.) |
| David: So in this sentence, the closing 了(Le) indicated a change of state. Let’s hear it one more time. |
| Echo: 他回家之后马上就睡觉了。(Tā huí jiā zhīhòu mǎshàng jiù shuìjiàole.) |
| David: Right. So a quick summary. When you want to communicate afterwards-- |
| Echo: 之后(Zhīhòu) |
| David: You can create sentences similar to the ones we created last week. You can add-- |
| Echo: 在(Zài) |
| David: Or not add-- |
| Echo: 在(Zài) |
| David: Depending on how formal you want the sentences to sound. And be aware you may still see-- |
| Echo: 了(Le) |
| David: Indicating change of state. And with that, that’s our podcast. |
Outro |
| David: We’ve got some interesting vocabularies for you and a grammar point that’s mostly a review. You shouldn’t have any problems with. If you have any problems with it though, there’s a place you can go. |
| Echo: Come to Chineseclass101.com and leave us a comment. |
| David: Right. Or check out our grammar guide or online PDFs. Because these contain detail write ups of all of these grammar points. It’s an invaluable resource if you’re learning Mandarin. |
| Echo: Right. |
| David: And with that, we’re done our lesson for today. From Beijing I’m David. |
| Echo: 我是(Wǒ shì)Echo。 |
| David: Thanks a lot for listening, and we’d like to wish you-- |
| Echo: 学习得开心。(Xuéxí dé kāixīn.) |
| David: See you on the site. |
| Echo: 网上見，拜拜。(Wǎngshàng jiàn, bàibài.) |
| David: Bye. |
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